Careful design and execution works by architects, landscape architects and civil engineers and construction managers, are required to produce a building that optimizes the use of the site; that is highly integrated with the local ecosystems; that carefully considers the site geology, topography, solar insolation, hydrology and wind patterns; that minimizes impacts during construction and operation; and that employs landscaping as a powerful adjunct to its technical systems.
The location of the facility on the site, the type and colour of exterior finishes, and the materials used in parking and paving, all affect the thermal load on the building, hence the design of the heating and the cooling systems by the mechanical engineer. Minimizing the impact of light pollution requires the electrical engineer to carefully design exterior lighting systems
